// Ceres Solver - A fast non-linear least squares minimizer
// Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
// http://code.google.com/p/ceres-solver/
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
//   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
//   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
//   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may be
//   used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
//   specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// Author: sameeragarwal@google.com (Sameer Agarwal)

#include "ceres/levenberg_marquardt_strategy.h"

#include <cmath>
#include "Eigen/Core"
#include "ceres/array_utils.h"
#include "ceres/internal/eigen.h"
#include "ceres/linear_solver.h"
#include "ceres/sparse_matrix.h"
#include "ceres/trust_region_strategy.h"
#include "ceres/types.h"
#include "glog/logging.h"

namespace ceres {
namespace internal {

LevenbergMarquardtStrategy::LevenbergMarquardtStrategy(
    const TrustRegionStrategy::Options& options)
    : linear_solver_(options.linear_solver),
      radius_(options.initial_radius),
      max_radius_(options.max_radius),
      min_diagonal_(options.lm_min_diagonal),
      max_diagonal_(options.lm_max_diagonal),
      decrease_factor_(2.0),
      reuse_diagonal_(false) {
  CHECK_NOTNULL(linear_solver_);
  CHECK_GT(min_diagonal_, 0.0);
  CHECK_LE(min_diagonal_, max_diagonal_);
  CHECK_GT(max_radius_, 0.0);
}

LevenbergMarquardtStrategy::~LevenbergMarquardtStrategy() {
}

TrustRegionStrategy::Summary LevenbergMarquardtStrategy::ComputeStep(
    const TrustRegionStrategy::PerSolveOptions& per_solve_options,
    SparseMatrix* jacobian,
    const double* residuals,
    double* step) {
  CHECK_NOTNULL(jacobian);
  CHECK_NOTNULL(residuals);
  CHECK_NOTNULL(step);

  const int num_parameters = jacobian->num_cols();
  if (!reuse_diagonal_) {
    if (diagonal_.rows() != num_parameters) {
      diagonal_.resize(num_parameters, 1);
    }

    jacobian->SquaredColumnNorm(diagonal_.data());
    for (int i = 0; i < num_parameters; ++i) {
      diagonal_[i] = min(max(diagonal_[i], min_diagonal_), max_diagonal_);
    }
  }

  lm_diagonal_ = (diagonal_ / radius_).array().sqrt();

  LinearSolver::PerSolveOptions solve_options;
  solve_options.D = lm_diagonal_.data();
  solve_options.q_tolerance = per_solve_options.eta;
  // Disable r_tolerance checking. Since we only care about
  // termination via the q_tolerance. As Nash and Sofer show,
  // r_tolerance based termination is essentially useless in
  // Truncated Newton methods.
  solve_options.r_tolerance = -1.0;

  // Invalidate the output array lm_step, so that we can detect if
  // the linear solver generated numerical garbage.  This is known
  // to happen for the DENSE_QR and then DENSE_SCHUR solver when
  // the Jacobin is severly rank deficient and mu is too small.
  InvalidateArray(num_parameters, step);

  // Instead of solving Jx = -r, solve Jy = r.
  // Then x can be found as x = -y, but the inputs jacobian and residuals
  // do not need to be modified.
  LinearSolver::Summary linear_solver_summary =
      linear_solver_->Solve(jacobian, residuals, solve_options, step);
  if (linear_solver_summary.termination_type == FAILURE ||
      !IsArrayValid(num_parameters, step)) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Linear solver failure. Failed to compute a finite step.";
    linear_solver_summary.termination_type = FAILURE;
  } else {
    VectorRef(step, num_parameters) *= -1.0;
  }

  reuse_diagonal_ = true;

  TrustRegionStrategy::Summary summary;
  summary.residual_norm = linear_solver_summary.residual_norm;
  summary.num_iterations = linear_solver_summary.num_iterations;
  summary.termination_type = linear_solver_summary.termination_type;
  return summary;
}

void LevenbergMarquardtStrategy::StepAccepted(double step_quality) {
  CHECK_GT(step_quality, 0.0);
  radius_ = radius_ / std::max(1.0 / 3.0,
                               1.0 - pow(2.0 * step_quality - 1.0, 3));
  radius_ = std::min(max_radius_, radius_);
  decrease_factor_ = 2.0;
  reuse_diagonal_ = false;
}

void LevenbergMarquardtStrategy::StepRejected(double step_quality) {
  radius_ = radius_ / decrease_factor_;
  decrease_factor_ *= 2.0;
  reuse_diagonal_ = true;
}

double LevenbergMarquardtStrategy::Radius() const {
  return radius_;
}

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace ceres
